JAVA THE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

java is a general-purpose programming language that is class-based, object-oriented, and designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers write once, run anywhere (W.O.R.A), meaning that compiled Java-code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation. Java-applications are typically compiled to byte-code that can run on any Java virtual-machine (J.V.M) regardless of the underlying computer architecture

 the syntax of Java is similar to C and C++, but it has fewer low-level facilities than either of them. As of 2019, Java was one of the most popular programming languages in use according to GitHub, particularly for client-server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.

java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Micro-systems (which has since been acquired by Oracle) and released in 1995 as a core component of 'Sun-Micro systems' Java platform. The original and reference implementation Java compilers,virtual machines, and class libraries were originally released by Sun under proprietary licenses. As of May 2007, in compliance with the specifications of the Java Community Process, Sun had re-licensed most of its Java technologies under the GNU General Public License. Meanwhile, others have developed alternative implementations of these Sun technologies, such as the GNU Compiler for Java (byte-code compiler), GNU Class path (standard libraries), and Iced-Tea-Web (browser plugin for applets).

the latest versions are Java 14, released in March 2020, and Java 11, a currently supported long-term support (L.T.S) version, released on September 25,2018; Oracle released for the legacy Java 8 L.T.S the last free public update in January 2019 for commercial use, while it will otherwise still support Java 8 with public updates for personal use up to at least December 2020. Oracle (and others) highly recommend uninstalling older versions of Java because of serious risks due to unresolved security issues.[21] Since Java 9, 10, 12 and 13 are no longer supported, Oracle advises its users to immediately transition to the latest version (currently Java 14) or an L.T.S release.

what is a compiler in Java ? 

a Java compiler is a compiler for the programming language Java. The most common form of output from a Java compiler is Java class files containing platform-neutral Java byte-code, but there are also compilers that gives optimized native machine code for a particular hardware/operating system combination.

what is the difference between machine code and byte-code?

the key difference between source code and byte-code is that the source code is a

collection of computer instructions written using a human-readable programming

language while the byte-code is the

intermediate code between source code and machine code that is executed by a

virtual machine.